The control-freak boss, we've all had one at one time or other. "Overly controlling managers are one of the main types who make employees rebel," says Albert J. Bernstein, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist for 35 years.

控制狂的老板，我們可能都曾遇到過這樣的老板。艾伯特-伯恩斯坦博士從事臨床心理學(xué)已有35年，他說：“控制欲過強(qiáng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是讓員工造反的主要管理人類型之一�！�

A big chunk of Bernstein's consulting practice comes from senior managers, urged by teams like yours to get rid of a control freak, who just don't know whom to believe. So they call Bernstein in to sort out the situation. "Even the worst micromanagers usually don't realize they're overly controlling," he says. "They think they're just controlling enough."

向伯恩斯坦進(jìn)行咨詢的客戶很大部分來自高管層，下屬員工要求他們撤換控制狂，這些高管完全不知該相信哪一方。所以他們把伯恩斯坦叫來幫忙想辦法。伯恩斯坦說：“即使是最差勁的微觀管理者通常也意識不到自己有點控制過度。他們還以為自己控制的程度剛剛好�！�

The cause of their delusion? "These are very frightened people. They are terrified of making a mistake, or of having someone else's mistake reflect badly on them," says Bernstein. "Consciously or not, how they view the world is, 'If I don't control every little thing, something terrible is going to happen.' "

造成這種錯覺的原因是什么呢？伯恩斯坦說：“這是因為他們都非常害怕。他們害怕犯錯誤，也害怕其他人的錯誤會為自己帶來壞影響。所以，自覺或不自覺地，他們都這樣認(rèn)為：如果我不能控制到每一件小事，就肯定會出什么亂子�！�

Recognizing that fear is the key to taming it, Bernstein says. He recommends that you and your colleagues try these steps:

伯恩斯坦說，認(rèn)知這種恐懼情緒是問題的關(guān)鍵。他建議你和你的同事們可以嘗試以下措施：

1. Don't let your annoyance show. 不要顯露出你的不快。

"Calling someone a control freak, or getting visibly irritated when he leans on you, will only make him think he needs to keep an even closer eye on you," Bernstein says.

伯恩斯坦說：“把某人叫做控制狂，或者他一靠近你就明顯地表現(xiàn)出惱火，只會讓他覺得他要對你更加小心提防。”

And don't even think about trying to discuss the problem: "Forget trying to talk a micromanager out of being one. Even seasoned therapists have trouble convincing the control-obsessed that their behavior might be causing more problems than it's solving."

而且決不要以為通過交流，就能把問題解決：“永遠(yuǎn)不要以為可以通過談話交流，就能讓一位微觀管理者改變他的管理方式。即使是經(jīng)驗豐富的心理治療專家，要想讓患有控制癖的人相信他們的行為可能會適得其反，帶來更多的麻煩，也會遇到問題�！�

2. Use reassurance, not recrimination. 讓他安心，而不是揭他短。

Take the time before a project begins to get a clear and concrete outline of what your boss wants, when he wants it, and how he wants it done. "Take copious notes," Bernstein says. "There are two reasons for doing this. First, if you look as if you're taking his instructions seriously, he'll worry less about you making 'mistakes.' " And second, if you establish - in writing - a specific, measurable result to be delivered at a specific time, it will come in handy later on when your boss tries to control the process - which of course he will.

在一個項目開始前，一定要花時間弄清楚你的老板具體想要什么、希望它什么時候完成，以及希望它怎樣完成。伯恩斯坦說：“要詳細(xì)地做筆記。這樣做有兩個原因：首先，如果你看起來對待他的要求非常認(rèn)真，他就不會那么擔(dān)心你犯錯”;其次，如果你能用書面形式制定出一個明確可預(yù)測的成果，并能在某個具體時刻得以實現(xiàn)，那么稍后如果你的老板試圖控制整個進(jìn)程時——當(dāng)然他肯定會的，這些筆記就會派上用場。

3. Give progress reports before he asks for them. 在他未要求前主動給出進(jìn)度報告。

"Nothing allays a control freak's fears like excess information," says Bernstein. "Remind him that you are taking the project as seriously as he does."

伯恩斯坦說：“最能緩解控制狂的擔(dān)憂情緒的莫過于日常報告以外額外的信息。這可以提醒他，你和他一樣認(rèn)真地對待這個項目�！�

4. When your boss tries to control your work, ask if this means the end product has changed. 當(dāng)你老板試圖控制你的工作時，問他是否意味著最終目標(biāo)已經(jīng)修改。

This is where you whip out your notes from that initial meeting. "Treat attempts to control the process as requests to change the end product," says Bernstein. "If the ultimate goal isn't affected, why change the process?"

這時你就可以突然拿出在項目啟動會議上做的記錄了。伯恩斯坦說：“你可以把控制項目進(jìn)程的試圖當(dāng)作是修改最終目標(biāo)的要求。如果終極目標(biāo)沒有受到影響的話，為什么要改變進(jìn)程呢？”

"Needless to say, for this strategy to be effective, you need some history of delivering the goods," he adds. You and your teammates have such a history, right?

他還說：“毫無疑問，這個策略要想有效，你必須有成功完成過項目的經(jīng)驗。”你和你的同事肯定有這樣的經(jīng)驗，對吧?

5. Keep up the good work. 再接再厲。

According to Bernstein, if you follow these steps several times - once is not enough - and actually do what you say you're going to do when you say you will do it, your boss will become less worried about your performance and go off to fuss over somebody less responsible.

伯恩斯坦認(rèn)為，如果你反復(fù)運用這些措施——只用一次是不夠的，并能夠真正地說什么就做到什么，你的老板就不會對你的表現(xiàn)那么擔(dān)心了，并且會轉(zhuǎn)而開始煩其他不那么負(fù)責(zé)的人了。

Meantime, try not to overreact to your wacky boss, Bernstein cautions. "People often respond so viscerally to an over-controlling boss because of their own inner teenager - you know, that voice inside that reacts to overbearing authority with, 'You're not the boss of me,' " he observes. "It's a sort of knee-jerk resistance to arbitrary or unreasonable control." That voice is louder in some folks than in others, he notes, but "I always counsel people not to let their inner teenager make career decisions for them." Noted.

與此同時，伯恩斯坦也警告說，不要對行為乖癖的老板反應(yīng)過度。他說：“人們通常會比較感性地回應(yīng)控制欲過強(qiáng)的老板，這是由于他們內(nèi)心有一股叛逆精神——你知道的，就是面對專橫的權(quán)威人士時，內(nèi)心會發(fā)出一種反叛聲音：你又不是我的老板!這是人們對蠻橫無理管制的一種條件反射�！彼�還指出：“有些人內(nèi)心的叛逆聲音要比其他人強(qiáng)烈，但我常常忠告人們，不能讓內(nèi)心的叛逆精神左右自己的職業(yè)發(fā)展�！�